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* '''Power:''' Owing to their small sizes, the power generated by a student satellite is generally of the order of 1 Watt to 10 Watts. Hence, a payload which demands higher power won't be feasible.
* '''Orbit:''' Student satellites are generally launched in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit Low Earth Orbits]. The orbits are generally polar sun synchronous. Hence, a payload requiring a different orbit would be difficult to pursue ahead, since you need a confirmation from your launching agency whether they'll launch your satellite in that orbit.
* '''Communication Frequencies:''' Most of the student satellites operate in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency UHF] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_high_frequency VHF] bands. Recently, some student satellites have been launched which operate in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S_band S band]. It will be very difficult to obtain license for frequencies higher than these. This means that you cannot have exorbitantly high data rates.