March 11, 2008
AE xxx Fluid Mechanics 3 1 0 8
Prerequisite: NIL
Properties of fluid, Statics and Buoyancy.
Kinematics of fluid motion; Lagrangian vs. Eulerian description of flow
motion; Convective, temporal and substantive acceleration.
Fundamental laws of Fluid Mechanics; Conservation of mass and momentum
in 1D
and 2D flows; Classification of Flows: Uniform vs. non-uniform flows,
steady
vs. unsteady flows, compressible and incompressible flows, ideal vs.
real
flows.
Potential flow theory; Velocity potential and stream function
formulations;
Ideal flow past circular cylinder.
Euler equation in 1D; Viscous flow on a flat plate; Boundary layer,
displacement, momentum and energy thicknesses; Flow between two plates,
flow
in a pipe; Laminar flow vs. turbulent flow.
Dimensional analysis and Buckingham pi theorem, Reynolds number;
turbulence
and turbulent flows; Frictional losses, losses in a pipe; Flow past
cylinder, critical Reynolds numbers; Incompressible viscous flow past an
airfoil, wakes, types of drags.
Mach number and its importance in compressible flows; Equation of
motion for
compressible flow in 1D; Normal shock, Rankine Hugoniot relations,
oblique
shock relations, strong, weak and detached shocks.
Rayleigh and Fanno flows, isentropic flows; Flow through variable area
nozzle; Converging diverging nozzle, supersonic diffusers, supersonic
wind
tunnels, critical pressures ratios; Prandtl Meyer expansion and
expansion
fans, interaction of shock and expansion waves
Text Books:
1. Fluid Mechanics by F M White, (5th Edition) McGraw Hill 2003.
2. Fluid Mechanics by P K Kundu & I M Cohen (2nd Edition), Academic
Press 2002.
3. Mechanics of Fluids by I H Shames (4th Edition), McGraw Hill 2002.
AE xxx Aerodynamics 2 1 0 6
Prerequisite: AE xxx Fluid Mechanics (strict)
Airfoils, wings and their nomenclature; lift, drag and pitching moment
coefficients; centre of pressure and aerodynamic centre.
Potential flow Analysis; Scalar and vector fields, velocity potential,
line,
surface and volume integrals, circulation and lift generation, Kutta
condition.
Method of superposition, thin airfoil theory, source and vortex method.
Subsonic compressible flow past airfoils; Critical Mach number, drag
divergence Mach number, supercritical airfoils, effect of sweep, area
rule.
Full and perturbation velocity potential formulations; Prandtl and
Glauert
compressibility corrections.
Transonic flow past airfoils, transonic similarity rules; Supersonic
flow
past airfoils, linearised supersonic flow, shock expansion method.
Potential flow over lifting wing; lifting line theory, vortex lattice
method, slender body theory, panel method, variation of lift and drag
coefficients in subsonic flows;
Supersonic flow over airfoils and wing; subsonic/supersonic leading
edge.
Hypersonic flows, real gas effects, Newtonian theory, lift and drag in
hypersonic flows, Mach number independence.
Text Books:
1. Fundamentals of Aerodynamics by J D Anderson, Jr, McGraw Hill 2001
2. Aerodynamics for Engineers by J J Bertin, Pearson Education 2002
3. Aerodynamics for Engineer by E L Houghton & P W Carpenter
Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001
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Aerodynamics Lab 1 0 3 5
Prerequisite: Exposure to AE xxx, Fluid Mechanics, and AE xxx,
Aerodynamics.
Types of wind tunnels and their characteristics, wind tunnel blockage
corrections.
Flow past bluff and a streamlined bodies and measurement of pressure
drag.
Shear flows: boundary layer on flat plate, jet flows, and wake flows,
Calculation of drag by wake survey method.
Flow visualisation methods, surface flow methods and colour dye
injection
method.
Measurement of unsteady flow using laser Doppler velocimeter.
Reference Book:
1. Fluid Mechanics Measurements by Richard J. Goldstein, Taylor &
Francis,
1996
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Experiments involving:
1. Flow over a circular cylinder
2. Flow over an aerofoil
3. Boundary layer on a flat plate
4. 2-D Free jet
5. Wake flow behind a bluff body
6. Flow through variable area duct
7. Flow visualization
8. LDV measurements